| Author (s): |
KLUNK, Marcos Antônio; DASGUPTA, Sudipta; DAS, Mohuli; SHAH, Zeban
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| Title: |
SYSTEM OF ADSORPTION OF CO2 IN COALBED |
| Abstract: |
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) has been observed as an alternative measure to mitigate emissions from greenhouse gases. CCS systems separate CO2 during the process of converting fuel and transport to the facilities where they are stored, e.g., under geological formation conditions. Capture and sequestration technologies are now widely used in different industries. CO2 capture is currently a costly and energy-consumingtechnology. The costs obviously depend on the size of the plant and the type of fuel used. Generally, capture systems are categorized into three categories: pre-combustion, post-combustion, and oxy-fuel combustion. The saline aquifer, depleted oil, and gas fields are large-capacity storage sinks. The coalbeds also provide as a substitute to geological storage. One of the main advantages of coal storage is renewable methane fuel and coaldesulfurization. The studied coal reserves are located in Candiota, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. These are the largest coal deposits in the country, with a reserve of 1 billion tons. This work will represent a study on CO2 storage in Candiota coalbed system. The use of a synthetic CO2 cylinder with a flow of 0.2 L/min varies the time of contact with the coalbed. The results from the volatile matter increase by 11%. The results of the ultimate analysis exhibited an 8% increase for carbon and oxygen after 60 minutes of CO2 flow in the coalbed. On the other hand, there was a reduction of 32% for sulfur. The resultant phenomena occur due to the adsorption capacity of CO2, where the compounds are released from the pores of coal.
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| Keywords: |
Greenhouse gases, climate change, Candiota coalfield, carbon capture, and storage.
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| Year: |
2018
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| Initial page: |
2
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| Final page: |
9
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| Link: |
Acessar |
| DOI: |
10.48141/SBJCHEM.v26.n26.2018.7_2018.pdf |
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| Author (s): |
AGNOLETTO, Douglas; LEMOS, Guilherme Vieira Braga; BESKOW, Arthur Bortolini; LESSA, Cleber Rodrigo de Lima; REGULY, Afonso
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| Title: |
METHODOLOGY FOR DETERMINATION OF DEGREE OF NODULARITY IN A DUCTILE CAST IRON GGG 40 BY ULTRASONIC VELOCITY TEST |
| Abstract: |
Cast iron alloys combine many elements such as carbon, iron, silicon, magnesium and can be usually classified according to their microstructure in ductile, gray, compacted, white, and malleable. Each one has particularities in terms of properties and applications. Hence, this study aims to evaluate the degree of nodularity (%) in a ductile cast iron alloy GGG 40. In this context, a methodology to investigate the degree of nodularity wasproposed. The ultrasonic method was used to determine the amount of ductile graphite as well as for parts release and thus facilitated the industrial operational execution. The effect of ultrasonic sound was investigated in sixtyseven ductile cast irons, and these analyses were further compared to the level of nodularity observed by metallography. Finally, based on the findings, the cast iron quality was guaranteed, leading to time savings, avoiding the microstructural examination, and thus promoting cost reductions.
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| Keywords: |
Degree of nodularity, ductile cast iron, ultrasonic velocity test.
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| Year: |
2018
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| Initial page: |
10
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| Final page: |
16
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| Link: |
Acessar |
| DOI: |
10.48141/SBJCHEM.v26.n26.2018.15_2018.pdf |
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| Author (s): |
KLUNK, Marcos Antônio; DASGUPTA, Sudipta; DAS, Mohuli
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| Title: |
SLOW PYROLYSIS OF RICE STRAW: ANALYSIS OF BIOCHAR, BIO-OIL AND GAS |
| Abstract: |
Biomass is the term attributed to any renewable resource derived from organic matter that can be used in energy production. Agricultural production generates residues that are of great importance for their energy use, of which sugar cane, eucalyptus, and rice. Various residues are generated from rice cultivation, among which the rice husk and rice straw are the most important. Several thermal conversion technologies have been developed for the use of biomass in industry. Pyrolysis has been notable for its ability to produce biofuels at different stages of aggregation. The slow pyrolysis of biomass has been proposed as a pretreatment method to improve the physical-chemical characteristics of rice straw. In this process is produced, mainly, a solid called biochar, which has a higher energy content when compared to the biomass of origin. This study investigated the slow pyrolysis of rice straw at 300 - 700°C for the purpose of obtaining biochar, bio-oil, and gases for energy purposes. The experimental results show that pyrolysis temperature has important roles in yield product. The highest biochar yield was observed at a temperature of 300°C with 49.91 wt%. This represents 47% more when compared to yield at 700°C (33.87 wt.%). This behavior is linked to the proximate analysis results for fixed carbon 26.01 wt.% at 300°C. The high pH of the biochar was attributed to the presence of alkali metals, according to XRF. Thermal decomposition of the biomass resulting in a gradual increase of bio-oil (16.81 - 34.70 wt.%) and gas (6.53 - 18.05 wt.%) on a wet basis. Thus, in the dry base parameter, the bio-oil increases from 19.22 - 30.6 wt.% and the gases at 9.42-20.19 wt.%. Drying of the raw material showed, by the results, a significant increase in the co-products.
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| Keywords: |
Biomass, pyrolysis process, renewable energy, biofuel, tar.
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| Year: |
2018
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| Initial page: |
17
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| Final page: |
25
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| Link: |
Acessar |
| DOI: |
10.48141/SBJCHEM.v26.n26.2018.22_2018.pdf |
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| Author (s): |
KUPATADZE, Ketevan
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| Title: |
STUDY OF ALAZANI RIVER AND SURFACE WATER COMPOSITION IN SOME VILLAGES OF KAKHETI REGION OF GEORGIA |
| Abstract: |
The article reviews the chemical composition of borehole and surface waters in three villages of one of the regions of Georgia - Kakheti, Gurjaani Municipality. The study was specifically focused on iodine content in waters. It turned out that certain amount of iodine really existed in borehole waters, which means that by everyday drinking of water, the human body gets maybe not the complete required amount of iodine, but at least some part of it. It was also discovered, that according to certain parameters, waters are clean, do not contain heavy metals and can be freely used for drinking and cooking. The chemical composition of the Alazani River was also examined according to all four seasons. This river is interesting because of being used for irrigation of vineyards and fruit gardens.
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| Keywords: |
Georgia waters, environmental chemistry, river pollutants, drinking water.
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| Year: |
2018
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| Initial page: |
26
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| Final page: |
33
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| Link: |
Acessar |
| DOI: |
10.48141/SBJCHEM.v26.n26.2018.31_2018.pdf |
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| Author (s): |
MARINS, Daniel Sena; CARDOSO, Marcos Vinícius Oliveira; SANTOS, Mara Eliza; MASSINHAN, Jeferson
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| Title: |
WASTE FRYING OIL TRANSESTERIFICATION TREATED BY STEAM DRAG METHOD |
| Abstract: |
Demand for diversified biodiesel feedstocks is high and increasing, but few are viable for large-scale production, and many of those selected compete with other sectors of the chemical industry. To improve energy and environmental sustainability, fatty acids from waste oils that are improperly disposed of and pollute the environment can be used for transesterification reactions. However, they need treatment to achieve high conversion rates. In this context, the aim of this work was to perform and analyze the treatment of residual frying oil with the evaporation and entrainment process, aiming at its use as raw material to obtain biodiesel (methyl esters) by a transesterification reaction. The physicochemical properties of the residual oil after treatment were characterized by moisture content, pH and the acidity, saponification, iodine, and peroxide index. The conversion rate of the residual oil to methyl esters was determined by 1H NMR analysis. After the treatment, the method of analysis of variance showed that the oil obtained a significant reduction of the saponification, iodine, peroxide and acidity indexes, being the acidity reduced from 9.36 to 7.85 mg KOH g-1. The moisture content of 0.733% and elevation of pH to 8.0. The conversion rate of fatty acid biodiesel of residual oil was 79.3 %, lower value of standards norms (ASTM, 2005; EN, 2008; ANP, 2014), showing that the assigned methodology for frying residual oil is inefficient in biodiesel production.
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| Keywords: |
Fatty acid, biodiesel, analysis of variance, standards norms.
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| Year: |
2018
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| Initial page: |
34
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| Final page: |
42
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| Link: |
Acessar |
| DOI: |
10.48141/SBJCHEM.v26.n26.2018.39_2018.pdf |
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